Vol. 12, Special Issue 7 (2023)

Author(s):
Abha Tikoo, JS Soodan, NK Sood, Gagandeep Singh, Rajiv Singh, Rajesh Agrawal and Savleen Kour

Abstract:
Neonatal calf diarrhoea (NCD) is the most important disease of neonatal calves which results in the greatest economic losses in both beef and dairy calves. Multiple agents are responsible for diarrhea, and thus difficult to diagnose the definitive causative agent. Immuno-histochemistry involves selective antigens detection in tissue section by binding of antibodies specifically to antigens in tissues. It is a handy tool to visualize the presence of the pathogen. Hence, employing a technique that is both sensitive and specific is necessary for diagnosing the causative agent. The faecal samples were collected from 485 neonatal bovine calves below 30 days of age in and around Jammu region; UT J&K. Nine calves died due to diarrhea and were observed for various gross, histopathologic and immuno-histochemistry studies in different organs. Gross changes were noticed in rumen, omasum, intestines, liver, lungs and spleen. Major histopathologic lesions were found in intestines, liver, kidney, lungs, spleen and trachea. Immunohistochemical studies showed positive results for Rotavirus infection in intestine, Clostridium sp and Salmonella sp. in intestine and liver.