Vol. 11, Special Issue 5 (2022)

Author(s):
Ponugoti Avinash and Deshraj Gurjar

Abstract:
In a changing climate scenario, drought is the most severe crop production limitation, and its intensity is severe in the future. Sunflower is a prominent oilseed crop, contributing for 8 percent of world oil production. Despite its drought resistance, severe drought affects seed and oil yield. As a consequence, knowing the physiological, biochemical, genetic, and agronomic characteristics of dehydration is required for long-term regulation of sunflower achene and oil production. Even though the impacts of drought on various aspects of sunflower have been reported, no single work has examined the physiological, biochemical, and genetic basis of dryness at the molecular and crop levels in sunflower. At the cell, plant, and crop levels, the influence of drought on sunflower achene output and oil quality has been thoroughly investigated. The consequences of drought stress on physiological and biochemical characteristics (such as photosynthesis, relative water content, mineral nutrition, and oxidative damage), morphological and growth parameters, achene output, and oil content have all been widely investigated in the literature. Many management techniques, such as breeding for stress tolerance (traditional or biotechnological), exogenous injection of hormones and osmoprotectants, seed treatment, and soil nutrient treatment, have been evaluated and evaluated in light of the discussion on the impact of drought stress. Following the discussion, it was determined that sunflowers respond to water stress by making osmotic adjustments, maintaining turgor, maintaining carbon absorption, and regulating hormones. Extensive review on the integration of multiple management methods, such as agronomic management, traditional breeding, and biotechnological breakthroughs, is desired for lengthy improved performance of sunflower achene yield and oil content under drought conditions. This could also be important in a climate change situation.