Vol. 11, Special Issue 5 (2022)

Author(s):
Piyush Upadhyay, MK Shrivastava, Pawan K Amrate, Stuti Sharma, Sunny Thakur and Kumar Jai Anand

Abstract:
The existing soybean genotypes are having narrow genetic base, the incorporation of new sources of genes is indispensable when searching for alleles that contribute to a greater diversity of varieties. The objective of the present study is to determine cluster and Principal Component Analysis to understand the genetic diversity of 50 exotic lines of soybean (including two checks, JS 20-98 and JS 20-34) on seed yield during the 2019 Kharif season. Fifty soybean genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The maximum percentage of contribution towards genetic divergence was shown by the number of seeds per plant and the minimum contribution was shown by the number of primary branches per plant. Cluster I showed a maximum intra-cluster D² value of 231.14 while a maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster IV and cluster V. The principal components analysis showed that PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4 and PC5 had Eigen values higher than unity and explained 83.49% of the total variability among soybean genotypes attributable to seed yield. Based on the cluster and principal components analysis, wide diversity among AGS 48, EC 396055, EC 389153, EC 114572, JS 20-34(C) and EC 23001B lines were found, their direct use as parents in hybridization programs to maximize the use of genetic diversity and to expression of heterosis and develop high yielding soybean varieties.