Vol. 11, Special Issue 3 (2022)

Author(s):
Manpreet Kaur and Dr. Geeta Mahale

Abstract:
The present study was designed to explore phytochemical bioactive compounds present in Vitex negundo leaves (Black and White). Medicinal plants are an important source of phytochemicals that offer traditional medicinal treatment of various ailments. Leaf samples of the both selected varieties growing in the ecological conditions were collected, washed, air-dried and milled. The samples were extracted with two solvent namely ethyl alcohol and distilled water. Results revealed that ethanolic extraction depicted the higher concentration of saponins, alkaloids tannins, steroids, terpenoids and flavonoids in both the varieties of Vitex negundo as compared to aqueous medium. Total phenolic content of V₁ leaves extract estimated as gallic acid equivalent was found to be higher in ethnolic medium 3.17 mgGAE/g as compared to V₂ i.e 2.76 mgGAE/g. Also, Total flavonoid content of leaves extract and estimated as catechin equivalent was found to be higher in ethanoic medium of V₁ 2.79 mgCE/g as compared to V₂ 1.85 mgCE/g respectively. Antioxidant activity is assessed by ABTS radical scavanging activity was also found to be higher in ethanolic extract of V₁ 91.64% as compared to V₂ 69.32%. FTIR analysis reveals the presence of various functional groups, viz. alkenes, amines, carboxylic acids, alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids and aromatic compounds. Its major constituents myrcetin, quercetin, kaempferol and chlorogenic acid were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and found to be higher in ethanolic medium of V₁ as compared to V₂. This study suggests that the ethanolic extract from Vitex negundo leaves has strong antioxidant potential and could be a significant source of natural antioxidants and antimicrobials for functional finishing of textiles.