Vol. 10, Special Issue 9 (2021)

Author(s):
Shlokeshwar Raj Sharma, Yati Raj Khare, Nidhi Verma, Niraja Patel, Aashutosh Sharma and KV Sahare

Abstract:
Charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseollina) of soybean is a disease of economic significance through out the world. Survival of promising released resistant soybean verities hampered due to uncertain change of climate in favour of dreaded charcoal rot pathogen. Availability of saprophytic beneficial microorganism in soil goes down due to continuous indiscriminate application of chemical fungicides. Level of major soil nutrients such as nitrogen and potash also decreased in soil as found during the present studied. Technological gap among the farmers also a factor for survival of the disease causing agent. Combined effect of novel technology, bio-pesticides and soil application of potash utilized during the present studied. Analysis of soil of experimental plot has been completed to known the availability of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash in experimental plot and found that soil was rich with phosphorus whereas nitrogen and potash were in medium. Total fifty farmers were selected and screened their technological knowledge before plotted the experiment and found that only 38% farmers known the proper seed and soil treatment practices. Nearly 62% farmer had knowledge about the application of electronic media in crop production of soybean. An experiment was conducted under field condition to find out the use of bio pesticides such as Trichoderma harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens as (seed and soil treatment) along with two dosed of potash(20kg/ha and 40kg/ha) against Macrophomina phaseollina pathogen during 2019-20 and 2020-21. Results of pooled data indicated that combined application of both bio pesticides and potash significantly reduced the incidence of disease in comparison to untreated control. T. harzianum used as soil (5kg/ha) and Seed (5g/kg seed) treatment with additional dose of basal potash (40kg/ha) in soil before sowing gave 64% disease control followed by soil treated with P. fluroscens plus potash (40kg/ha) 46%. Application of T. harzianum as seed and soil treatment with recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) found 34% disease control which was significantly higher than T2 treatment (P.fluroscens+20kg/haK2O). Soil treatment with T. harzianum+K2O found more effective for promoting plant growth parameters and reduced charcoal rot disease of soybean. Yield in each treatment increased with bold seed and shin in compression to untreated control whereas 40kg potash with T. harzianum gave best performance in plant height, yield and cost benefit ratio in comparison to others treatments. Treatment 4 Yielded 32% more average yield than T2.However effect of trichoderma with 40kg/ha K2O was more effective than Pseudomonas plus K2O. In control plot, there was only 08q/ha yield with minimum net profit. Overall it might be seen that T. harzianum+K2O supplied plot produced significantly greater yield than P. fluorescens +K2O in both the years2019-20 and 2020-21. On average nearly 42-87% more yield recovered in treatments plot in comparison to control.