Vol. 10, Special Issue 3 (2021)

Author(s):
CM Vandana, TV Aravindakshan and RS Kathiravan

Abstract:
Genome editing is a type of genetic engineering technology in which genetic elements (DNA) is inserted, deleted, modified or replaced in many organisms like plants, bacteria and animals. This technique can lead to changes in Physical traits like eye colour, coat colour and disease risk. Genome editing has its wide range of application in animals like human disease modelling, xenotransplantation, animal welfare aspects and production. Based on many literatures, different technologies of genome editing and it seems that CRISPR/Cas technologies are probably superseding ZFNs and TALENS. It aims in producing a better and healthier future generation of humans and animals. However, the CRIPSR/Cas methods are also being improvised, and newer additions have further enhanced its functional capabilities. In Genetic engineering field, better gene modification technologies are evolving and can one day replace even CRISPR/Cas, possibly shifting to synthetic genomics. At a same time, the unethical use of genome editing should be regularly monitored with proper rules and regulations.