Vol. 12, Issue 1 (2023)

Author(s):
Hemant S Sawant, RS Deshpande, SV Sawardekar, SG Mahadik, Samiksha C, Mahendra KC and Govind P

Abstract:
The current research employed 18 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to screen 27 rice cultures for biotic (bacterial blight, blast, gall midge, brown plant hopper) and abiotic stress tolerance (salinity, drought) and to develop rice culture profiles using SSR markers. DNA was extracted from twenty-seven rice cultures and molecular profiling was performed using 18 SSR markers. MVSP software was used to determine genetic profiles. Blast tolerant linked alleles were not found in any of the 27 rice genotypes investigated. Bacterial Blight tolerant linked alleles were discovered in cultures Nom-2102, Nom-2104, Nom-2107, Nom-2108, Nom-2110, Nom-2111, Nom-2118, and Nom-2119. Gall midge tolerant linked alleles were found in the cultures Nom-2112, Nom-2114, Nom-2115, Nom-2116, Nom-2117, Nom-2118, Nom-2119, Nom-2121, Nom-2122, Nom-2124, Nom-2127, and Nom-2132. Brown Plant Hopper tolerant linked alleles were found in Nom-2117, Nom-2118, Nom-2119, and Nom-2123 cultures. There were no drought-tolerant cultures found. Salt tolerance linked allele were found in Nom-2102, Nom-2103, Nom-2104, Nom-2105, Nom-2108, Nom-2109, Nom-2110, Nom-2111, Nom-2112, Nom-2116, Nom-2117, Nom-2132, and Nom-2133. All 18 primers amplified and exhibited 100% polymorphism. There was a total of 75 alleles detected, with an average of 4.16 alleles per primer. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.314 to 0.927, with an average PIC value of 0.619 per primer. The genetic distance varied from 0.053 to 0.818 and indicated a wide range of variation. All 27 rice cultures were categorized into two clusters: I, which had 10 cultures, and II, which contained 17 cultures by UPGMA. This leads to the conclusion that molecular screenings of rice crops employing SSR markers gave sufficient knowledge on biotic and abiotic tolerance traits at the molecular level. This research will be used in future strategic crop enhancement breeding programs.