Vol. 11, Issue 2 (2022)

Author(s):
Vikas Rajdev, Suhel Mehandi, Satya Prakash, Avtar Singh and Harmeet S Janeja

Abstract:
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important crop and is used all over the world in many ways. The ethyl methane sulphonates help in creating the genetic variability in wheat by changing the sequence of nucleotides. Due to which the grain yield increases, and it also provides resistance towards diseases, biological damages and many stress conditions. The chemical mutagen Ethyl methane sulphonate is regarded better than the gamma rays and also better than the physical mutagenesis because of its handling and the physical mutagenesis is also very expensive. So, the chemical mutagen EMS is regarded as best for the mutation process. EMS provides point mutation due to which high-frequency mutation occurs and changes in wheat occurs rapidly. Ethyl methane sulphonate is very useful for the improvement of agronomic traits, screening of elite germplasm and chromosomal aberrations. The ethyl methane sulphonate is used to enhance the genetic variation for wheat improvement. EMS also induces male sterility in wheat plants. It is easily disposable through hydrolysis so this is a better option for breeders and also environmentally friendly that's why it is more preferable. EMS causes a genetic mutation in wheat due to which DNA gets changed so that the changes also occur in offspring and provide high-quality yield. This paper provides complete information about mutations, their effects on wheat, use of Ethyl methane sulphonate in wheat. The study of the Mutagenic effect of EMS in wheat is important for improving the breeding programmes and for better results.