Vol. 11, Issue 12 (2022)

In vitro culture methods play important role in crop improvement in agricultural as well as horticultural crops through different In vitro culture methods like micro propagation, Soma clonal variation, Anther culture, endosperm culture, zygotic embryo culture and protoplast fusion etc. Somatic hybridization in solanaceous vegetables like potato has provided few new opportunities for the introgression of novel sources of many diseases and pest resistance into the cultivated potato. Embryo culture has so many potential uses ranging from overcoming seed dormancy to the facilitation of inter-specific hybridization. Some molecular approaches like genetic engineering and genome editing tools improved the generation of tomato and overcome the restrictions in important traits. Molecular techniques have been heavily utilized in the genetic development of agronomics such as biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and fruit quality (self-life) in tomato due to changing global climate and market competitiveness. Triploid plants are unfavorable for plants whose seeds are used economically because they produce sterile seeds. However, triploid plants is extremely useful when seed lessness is used to enhance the quality of vegetables like cucumber and watermelon.