Vol. 11, Issue 1 (2022)

Author(s):
RR Bhanwar

Abstract:
Bacterial wilt is one of the major diseases of all solanaceous plants. The disease is known to occur in the wet tropical, subtropical and temperate regions of the world. The disease is caused by the bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al, previously known as Pseudomonas solanacearum. In Chhattisgarh state, Bacterial wilt of solanaceous crop caused by R. solanacearum has been grouped under Race 1 and Biovar 3 in the previous study, which attacks wide range of crop plants, ornamentals and weeds in extremely dangerous conditions at 25-28 ^oC temperature and 5.5-6.6 pH in field conditions. Whereas, other groups of races of R. solanacearum have more severe in 35-37 ^oC temperatures range. Soil temperature and pH is a major factor affecting the wilt causing bacterial and fungal pathogens and soil microbial community. In the present study, four temperature ranges i.e. 20 ^oC, 25 ^oC, 30 ^oC and 35 ^oC and 10 pH levels i.e. 4, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0 and 8.5 on R. solanacearum were tested under in vitro condition and found that the population of R. solanacearum (443.33 cfu) were significantly higher on 6.50 pH level at 30^oC after 96 hours of inoculation on TZC medium and the population of R. solanacearum was not able to grow in 4 pH at 20 ^oC, 25 ^oC, 35^oC and 40 ^oC.