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- E-ISSN Number: 2277-7695
- P-ISSN Number: 2349-8242
- CODEN Code: PIHNBQ
- ZDB-Number: 2663038-2
- IC Journal ID: 7725
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Vol. 10, Issue 5 (2021)
Temporal changes in biochemical indicators of soil quality and nutrient dynamics in conservation agriculture based rice-wheat systems in north western India: A review
Author(s):
RK Naresh, M Sharath Chandra, Pradeep Kumar Kanaujiya, Mahendra Pratap Singh, Aryan Baliyan, Shakti Om Pathak and Himanshu Tiwari
RK Naresh, M Sharath Chandra, Pradeep Kumar Kanaujiya, Mahendra Pratap Singh, Aryan Baliyan, Shakti Om Pathak and Himanshu Tiwari
Abstract:
Agricultural productivity relies on a wide range of ecosystem services provided by the soil biota. Sustainable management practices, such as tillage and residue management, can influence structure and function of the soil micro-biota, and nutrient dynamics with direct consequences for the associated ecosystem services. Although there is increasing evidence that different tillage regimes alter the soil biological indices, we only have a limited understanding of their temporal changes in rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping system. However, agricultural intensification is placing tremendous pressure on the soil’s capacity to maintain its functions leading to large-scale ecosystem degradation and loss of productivity in the long term. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find early indicators of soil health degradation in response to agricultural management. Our purpose was to review the literature in which a wide perspective of soil quality and the complex task of its assessment, considering the inherent and dynamic factors, are introduced. It focuses on the possibilities of applying and integrating the accumulated knowledge in agro-ecological land evaluation in order to predict soil quality. Land use change, especially from conservation agriculture ecosystem (CA) to intensive agriculture, is negatively impacting soil quality and sustainability. Soil biological activities are sensitive indicators of such land-use impacts. Land use and management practices affect microbial properties in topsoil but have no effects in subsoil.
Agricultural productivity relies on a wide range of ecosystem services provided by the soil biota. Sustainable management practices, such as tillage and residue management, can influence structure and function of the soil micro-biota, and nutrient dynamics with direct consequences for the associated ecosystem services. Although there is increasing evidence that different tillage regimes alter the soil biological indices, we only have a limited understanding of their temporal changes in rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping system. However, agricultural intensification is placing tremendous pressure on the soil’s capacity to maintain its functions leading to large-scale ecosystem degradation and loss of productivity in the long term. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find early indicators of soil health degradation in response to agricultural management. Our purpose was to review the literature in which a wide perspective of soil quality and the complex task of its assessment, considering the inherent and dynamic factors, are introduced. It focuses on the possibilities of applying and integrating the accumulated knowledge in agro-ecological land evaluation in order to predict soil quality. Land use change, especially from conservation agriculture ecosystem (CA) to intensive agriculture, is negatively impacting soil quality and sustainability. Soil biological activities are sensitive indicators of such land-use impacts. Land use and management practices affect microbial properties in topsoil but have no effects in subsoil.
The majority of the increases in biochemical properties were higher at vegetative growth (at 40-45 days after sowing) and flowering (at 80-85 days after sowing) stages compared to the initial and at maturity. The principal component analysis of the assayed variables showed that all the variables significantly contributed to the variability in parameters examined and were more related to maximum tillering stage of wheat growth than to maturity or at sowing of wheat. Three highly effective biological indicators were microbial biomass carbon, microbial quotient and mineralization quotient, which responded significantly to changes in tillage and residue management practices in the RWS. Studies showed that non-puddling significantly enhanced dehydrogenase activity (5%), microbial biomass carbon (3%) and potentally mineralizable nitrogen (5%) over puddling, whereas the latter treatment hugely benefited metabolic quotient (41%) in rice. Notillage resulted in higher values of soil biological indicators under wheat cultivation. Partial substitution of fertilizer N by farmyard manure, sewage sludge and a combination of (FYM + biofertilizer + crop residues/green manure) increased indicators at higher magnitudes, like dehydrogenase activity (36%), microbial biomass carbon (33%) and potentially mineralizable nitrogen (57%), but reduced the metabolic quotient which implied an accumulation of stable organic C under organic nutrient management. In all soil layers the total SOC, WSOC, HWSOC, EOC, MBC, POC, and LFOC contents were 13.87-145.97% higher in the NPKS2 treatment than in the CK treatment. The CPMI was highest in the NPKS2 treatment in the top 20 cm soil. SOC correlated positively with labile C fractions and CPMI in the 0-5 and 5-10 cm soil layers (p< 0.05), with the exception of WSOC and LFOC in the 5-10 cm soil layer.
Pages: 1616-1628 | 235 Views 42 Downloads
How to cite this article:
RK Naresh, M Sharath Chandra, Pradeep Kumar Kanaujiya, Mahendra Pratap Singh, Aryan Baliyan, Shakti Om Pathak, Himanshu Tiwari. Temporal changes in biochemical indicators of soil quality and nutrient dynamics in conservation agriculture based rice-wheat systems in north western India: A review. Pharma Innovation 2021;10(5):1616-1628.
Journal code(s)
- E-ISSN Number: 2277-7695
- P-ISSN Number: 2349-8242
- CODEN Code: PIHNBQ
- ZDB-Number: 2663038-2
- IC Journal ID: 7725
Main Menu
Special Issue
Copyright Form
Identifier
The Pharma Innovation Journal
