Vol. 10, Issue 5 (2021)

Author(s):
Ankita Gupta, Vivek Sharma and Naveen Singh

Abstract:
Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia worldwide, it occurs continuing to growing in part because of the aging world population. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of neurodegenerative disorder in the ageing individuals. It is set to be the largest killer among the growing elderly population. This neurodegenerative disease process is classify through two hallmark pathologies: beta-amyloid plaque deposition and neurofibrillary tangles of hyper phosphorylated tau. Diagnosis is mainly depend upon clinical presentation satisfying several criteria as well as fluid and imaging biomarkers. Clinically, patients primarily present with short-term memory loss, subsequently followed by executive dysfunction, confusion, agitation and behavioral disturbances. Approximately 70% of the risk of developing AD because of genetics. Three causative genes have been related with autosomal dominant familial (APP, PSEN1 and PSEN2) and 1 genetic risk factor (APOEepslon4 allele). However, acquired factors such as cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, obesity and dyslipidemia increases the danger of AD development. At present treatment is currently targeted through symptomatic therapy, although trials are proceeding that aim to reduce the production and overall burden of pathology within the brain. Here, we discuss modern advances in our understanding of the clinical evaluation and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, with updates regarding clinical trials still in progress.