Vol. 10, Issue 5 (2021)

Author(s):
Akhilesh Chandhrapati, Shivam Singh, Vinay Kumar, Anju Andrews and Ishani

Abstract:
Generally production of mushroom is effected due to the occurrence of diseases that can be caused by both pathogens and competitor moulds. The main diseases that occur in mushroom are dry bubble, wet bubble, cow web, green mould, bacterial blotch, yellow blotch etc. mainly and the diseases caused by competitor moulds are false truffle, brown plaster mould, yellow mould, ink caps, pink moulds and white plaster mould etc. mainly and competitor moulds that attack edible mushrooms are Diehliomyces microspores, Myceliophthora lutea, Coprinus spp., Cephalothecium roseum corda, Scopulariopsis fimicola, Aspergillus spp., Alternaria alternate, Drechslera bicolor, Sclerotium rolfsii, Trichoderma viride, Fusarium spp., Rhizopus spp., Oedocephalum spp., Mucor sp., Penicillium sp., Mycogone perniciosa, Chaetomium spp., Verticillium spp., Sordaria sp., Psathyrella sp., Podospora favrelli, Rhizoctonia solani etc. mainly and to control these diseases and competitor moulds the various Biocontrol agents are used like bacterial strains of Pseudomonads and Bacillus strains include B. licheniformis, B. subtilis, B. pumilus, B. amyloliquefaciens and also by Bacillus velezensis QST 713, Psuedomonas reactants, Pseudomonas putida and P. floroscencs and by some essential oils produced by some aromatic plants like Origanum vulgate, clove, thyme, cinnamon, tea tree which secretes volatile substances like carvacrol, thymol, genariol, citronellol which have antiseptic, antifungal and antibacterial properties and also some plant extracts or botanicals which helps in control of competitor moulds are onion, garlic, neem, lantana, gauva, tulsi, tomato etc. mainly, where neem gives the best results when used to control many competitor moulds.