Vol. 9, Issue 1 (2020)

Author(s):
Vaishali Jagtap and Pallavi More

Abstract:
Rhinitis is one of the most common chronic conditions for which medical care is sought. Allergic rhinitis is an Ige-mediated disorder of the nose caused by the interaction of airborne allergens with specific Ige type antibodies on the surface of mast cells.The Ige-allergen interaction leads to the mast cell releasing and synthesizing a number of chemical which then cause the surrounding tissues to become inflamed. Typical symptoms which are initiated include rhino rhea, nasal itching, sneezing and nasal congestion, although extra nasal symptoms such as allergic conjunctivitis, itchy ears and palate, and asthma are commonly associated as well. It is usually a long-standing condition that often goes undetected in the primary-care setting. A thorough history, physical examination and allergen skin testing are important for establishing the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis. Second-generation oral antihistamines and intranasal corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment. Allergen immunotherapy is an effective immune-modulating treatment that should be recommended if pharmacologic therapy for allergic rhinitis is not effective or is not tolerated, or if chosen by the patient.