Vol. 8, Issue 6 (2019)

Author(s):
Lalita Rani and Nisha Arya

Abstract:
The textile industry is believed to be one of the largest consumers of water. Conventional textile dyeing uses large amounts of fresh water and which then is disposed as waste water containing dyestuff chemicals. On average, an estimated 100 - 150 liters of water are needed to process 1 kg of textile material. Water is used as a solvent in many pre-treatment and finishing processes, such as washing, scouring, bleaching, dyeing, rinsing and finishing. The contaminated water must then be handled and treated prior to disposal or recycling. Water scarcity and increased environmental awareness are world-wide concerns causing a sharp rise in prices for intake and disposal of water. To reduce these water processes, new technologies have been introduced by the scientists. These technologies use at least 95% less water and 80-90% less energy than conventional fabric dyeing processes.