Vol. 8, Issue 5 (2019)

Background: The aim was to look into the role of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and remnant lipoprotein cholesterol in patients of type 2 diabetes without retinopathy and its comparisons with the healthy non-diabetic controls.

Material and methods: 35 normotensive newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetic patients with retinopathy and 15 healthy normotensive nondiabetic age and sex match controls selected. Cases and controls were taken from 1st June 2017 to 31^st June 2018. All cases undergoes thorough investigation. The obtained information regarding the levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), post prandial blood sugar (PPBS), Glycosylated Hemoglobin level (Hb1Ac), Lipid Profile, 24 hours urinary protein, VCAM-1 Levels, Remnant lipoprotein levels were analyzed, the statistical analysis was performed using SPSS for windows version 16.0 software. For comparing two group of mean Students‘t’ test and for paired samples Paired ‘t’ test was used. The p value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results: In our study majority of the patients were in age between 51 and 60 years. Male outnumbered females with ratio of 1.8:1. The mean level of FBS, PPBS, HbA1c, 24 hours urinary protein, triglyceride, VLDL, and VCAM were significantly higher in patients than in controls, in the meantime the mean value of HDL were significantly higher in controls than the patients. The positive correlation was seen in between VCAM with both HbA1c and 24 hrs. Urinary protein.

Conclusion: we have shown that soluble VCAM-1 may be a marker of chronic hyperglycemia and may be related to development of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. It may reflect systemic endothelial dysfunction. Remnant cholesterol is an important inflammatory marker leading to atherogenicity and amplifies further risk of micro and macrovascular complication. The data is scare for both marker in our region and need further study with large population size.