Vol. 8, Issue 4 (2019)

This study was designed to examine the influence of ethanolic fraction of the root barks of Anogeissus leiocarpa on the toxicity profile. Acute and sub-acute toxicity studies were carried out in rats by using OECD guideline 423 and OECD guideline 407 respectively with slight modifications. In acute oral toxicity study, ETHA was administered by oral route at 2000 and 5000 mg/kg body weight and animals were observed for toxic signs at 0, 0.5, 24 h and for next 14 days. In sub-acute oral toxicity study, ETHA was administered orally at 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg body weight/day. Animals were observed for mortality, morbidity, body weight changes and organ’s relative weight, feed and water intake. Hematology, clinical biochemistry, and electrolytes were performed.

Data analysed and graphical representation of data was performed using Graph Pad Prism 7.0. The results are expressed as mean ± standard error of means. Statistical analysis of the data was performed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. Differences were considered significant at p-value less than 0.05. At acute oral toxicity, no death or adverse effects were recorded. ETHA is orally non-toxic at a LD50 up to 5000 mg/kg body weight and should be classified into category 5. The subacute oral toxicity test observations during 28 days did not significantly affect the weight gain, electrolytes, hematological and biochemical parameters of rats compared to the control. Food consumption, body weight, organ weight, hematological parameters and biochemical parameters revealed no abnormalities. Therefore, it would not have a negative influence on cells blood and renal, hepatic and cardiac function and structure. This study shows that ETHA is well tolerated at a LD50 up to 5000 mg/kg body weight by the organism. Definitively, ETHA has no adverse effects on the normal functioning of the body, it’s orally safe.