Abstract: Astrophysics, a captivating domain at the intersection of mathematics and celestial phenomena, continues to unravel the mysteries of the cosmos. This research paper delves into the intricate mathematical frameworks employed in the exploration of astrophysical phenomena, elucidating the profound interplay between mathematical theories and observational data. Through meticulous analysis and synthesis, this study elucidates the mathematical tools and models essential for understanding cosmic phenomena, ranging from the dynamics of celestial bodies to the formation of galaxies and the evolution of the universe itself. By integrating mathematical methodologies with empirical observations, this research contributes to the advancement of astrophysical knowledge, offering insights into the fundamental principles governing the cosmos.