Vol. 7, Issue 9 (2018)

Author(s):
Yuriy Mykolayovych Voliak and Zinoviy Romanovych Ozhohan

Abstract:
At present time the abnormalities of the tooth-jaw system in children and adolescents occupy one of the first places among the diseases of the maxillofacial area. In the concomitant diseases of other systems of the body, in particular, ENT organs, the violation of the dentofacial system is detected in 60% to 90% of cases. One of the most important etiological factors in the development of narrowing of the dentition is the violation of respiration function and, as a consequence, the appearance of oral respiration. This is led by the diseases of the ENT - organs: deviation of the nasal septum, hypertrophy of the nasal conchae, pharyngeal and palatine tonsils, rhinosinusitis, adenoid growths. We have examined 239 patients with dentofacial anomalies, aged 6-18 years, in order to identify their combination with the pathology of ENT-organs. Out of them there were selected 25 children for the operative treatment on the nasal septum and orthodontic treatment. For the objective clinical evaluation of the performed complex operative and orthodontic treatment of patients with narrowing of the upper jaw and ENT pathology, the parameters of the width of the upper jaw in the area 4│4,6│6teeth, width and depth of the arches of the palate should be used. According to the results of the analysis of the treatment performed in patients of three age groups, 6-9, 10-14 and 15-18 years old with narrowing of the upper jaw and ENT-pathology, it was determined that the use of the offered complex method of operative and orthodontic treatment contributes to the effective and reliable (p<0.05) expansion of the upper jaw and arches of the palate and reduction of the depth of the arch of the palate compared with the indicators before the treatment.