Vol. 7, Issue 2 (2018)

Author(s):
Manaswini Mandal, Chinmoy Mishra, Sushant Kumar Dash, Priyanka Priyadarshini, Siddharth Sankar Sabat, Lipilekha Swain and Madhumita Sahoo

Abstract:
The aim of any animal breeder is to get maximum possible profit from the domestic livestock. But due to the disease outbreaks it cannot be achieved properly. This can be effectively achieved by the study of genetic control of resistance and genetic variations to various diseases like gastro intestinal nematode, natural coccidiosis, Scrapie, PPR etc through appropriate measures. The integrated studies of combining quantitative and functional genomics, large-scale data collection (both within and between breeds) and epidemiological prediction will lead to new opportunities for breeders to select goats for enhanced resistance to a variety of diseases. Genetic variations through their effects on gene expression and protein function underlie disease susceptibility in small ruminants. The variants are in the form of SNP, deletion/insertions of nucleotides or whole genes, gene or whole chromosomal rearrangements, gene duplications, and copy number polymorphisms. The knowledge about genetic variations and function of different genes related to susceptibility and disease resistance will facilitate the incorporation of the information for the improvement of health status in the small ruminants.