Vol. 7, Issue 2 (2018)

Author(s):
Kritika Soni and Dr. Uma Bhandari

Abstract:
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. The present research was designed to assess the antimicrobial activity of Cinnamaldehyde using Providencia rettgeri and anti-atherosclerotic potential of cinnamaldehyde in choline - fed C57BL/6J mice. Molecular Docking was done to assess the protein binding ability of cinnamaldehyde with FMO3 enzyme. From molecular docking it was concluded that cinnamaldehyde inhibited the FMO3 enzyme which catalyses the conversion of TMA to TMAO, thus reduced the risk of atherosclerosis. Antimicrobial effects of cinnamaldehyde, cinnamon oil and ciprofloxacin were demonstrated by turbidimetric method. Inhibition of bacteria by test drug i.e. cinnamaldehyde and standard drug i.e. ciprofloxacin was found to be significant (p<0.01), so both cinnamaldehyde and ciprofloxacin showed anti-microbial activity against P. Rettgeri. Cinnamon oil too showed anti-microbial activity but at very low concentrations, this may be because of immiscibility of cinnamon oil in nutrient broth. From HPTLC analysis it was concluded that cinnamon oil and ciprofloxacin showed significant inhibition of P. rettgeri, TMA formation was inhibited. Cinnamaldehyde too showed inhibition of P. Rettgeri but at high concentrations. Mice fed with cinnamaldehyde (35mg/kg), cinnamon oil (46mg/kg), ciprofloxacin (100mg/kg) along with 2% choline diet each group for 21 days. Anti – atherosclerotic potential of cinnamaldehyde were demonstrated by significant reduction (p<0.001) in total cholesterol levels, triglyceride levels, low density lipoproteins(LDL), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), Atherogenic risk Predictor(ARP) and coronary risk index (CRI) levels, while elevation in High – density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Summarized together, our data suggest that cinnamaldehyde possess significant antimicrobial activity, also possess anti-atherosclerotic potential possibly by improvement in total cholesterol levels, triglyceride levels and enhancement in HDL levels.