Vol. 6, Issue 9 (2017)

Author(s):
Chinmoy Mishra, Sidharth Prasad Mishra, Tushar Jyotiranjan, Kumaresh Behera and Kamdev Sethy

Abstract:
The neonatal calf, which is born with little or no humoral immunity, is totally dependent upon absorption of colostrally derived immunoglobulins mainly IgG for its early disease resistance through the process of passive transfer. They represent a family of proteins with a range of protective bioactivities and classified into several classes as IgM, IgA, IgG, IgE and IgD. IgG, IgA and IgM are the major immunoglobulin classes in mammary secretions. In general, colostrum produced in large volumes will have lower Ig concentration than colostrum produced in smaller volumes. Increased neonatal morbidity and mortality from neonatal enteric, systemic, and respiratory diseases are well-accepted consequences of Failure of passive transfer (FPT). The conservation and bioavailability of IgG at all stages of mammalian life can be attributed to Fc receptor (FcRn). The β2 m acts as an integral component of FcRn heterodimer for its cell surface expression and in its absence, FcRn is retained in endoplasmic reticulum. Although β2 m gene is closely associated with MHC class I molecule (highly polymorphic), still it is minimally polymorphic within the species. So, genomic research for passive transfer of immunity will pave the way for development of immunotolerant animals in future