Vol. 6, Issue 11 (2017)

Author(s):
Kailash Kumar, Aditya Mishra, Amir Amin Sheikh, Pragati Patel, Rakshanda Bhagat and Uttarani Maibam

Abstract:
Cystatin C is a non glycosylated neuroendocrine protein having isoelectric pH of 9.3, encoded by CST3 gene. It is a low molecular weight protein approximately 13.3 kilodaltons consisting 120 amino acids and is removed from the bloodstream by glomerular filtration in the kidneys which can be used as a biochemical marker for proximal tubular damage superior to serum creatinine (sCr). Increased levels of CysC are linked with the risk of death, several types of cardiovascular disease and healthy aging. sCysC is a better glomerular filtration rate marker than sCr for its early detection in incipient diabetic nephropathy. Concentration of cystatin C is increased in patients with hypothyroidism and decreased in patients with hyperthyroidism with treatment. Individuals with untreated carcinomas and leukaemia had significantly higher sCysC concentrations compared to treated patients due to its antitumor effect. CysC regulates certain aspects of immune function because interleukin-10 controls CysC synthesis in response to inflammation.