Vol. 6, Issue 10 (2017)

Author(s):
Sumit Ranjan Mishra, Nandhakumar P, Pavan Kumar Yadav, Sasmita Barik, Ajay Kumar, Mohini Saini and Meena Kataria

Abstract:
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) has been implicated as a target in cancer treatment due to their vital role in tissue remodeling, invasion and metastasis. Due to Several side effects of various synthetic drugs, now-a-days phytocompounds have taken importance in the treatment of cancer; with special significance to breast cancer by targeting MMPs. The current study is aimed at investigating the effect of Alizarin, a purified product from the Rubia plant on murine breast cancer cell line with respect to matrix metalloproteinases. The Minimum Hemolytic Concentration (MHC) and inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Alizarin were evaluated by Minimum Hemolytic Concentration assay and tetrazolium assay (MTT assay) respectively. The effect of alizarin on expression of Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) gene was studied on 4T1 murine breast cancer cell line by real time PCR. Cells were cultured in Roswell park memorial institute (RPMI-1640) medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and treated with different concentrations of Alizarin. Alizarin treated cells were further evaluated for apoptosis and invasion potential by Annexin binding assay and transwell chamber assay respectively. MHC and MTT assay indicate the hemolytic concentration and IC50 of the phytocompound to be 200 μM and 495 μM respectively. At high concentrations of alizarin, MMP-9 gene expression was down-regulated in a concentration dependent manner. Annexin binding assay indicates that alizarin is necrotic to the breast cancer cells. At higher drug concentrations alizarin is found to be anti-invasive in nature.