Vol. 5, Issue 2 (2016)

Research methods and materials: The brain and its liquor system of 47 patients (29 patients with MS - the main group and 18 patients without MS - control group) were evaluated by means of volume try method (measuring volume of particular cerebral hemispheres structures) with MRI scanner Toshiba Vantage Titan 1,5 Tl. Workstation Vitrea was used for images post-processing. The cerebral substance volume; the cerebral alba volume; the cerebral grey substance volume; the number of infarctions; the volume of infarctions; cortex volume of temporal lobe; cortex volume of frontal lobe; the cerebral alba volume of frontal lobe; the cerebral alba volume of temporal lobe; lateral cerebral ventricles volume; volume of the right and left hippocampus; “leukoaraiosis” volume; the corpus callosum square were measured. All measurements of volume indicators were determined in см³. We performed general, clinical neurologic and neuropsychological examinations of the patients. The presence of cognitive impairments was determined.

Research findings and discussion: Cognitive impairments in patients of the main and control groups manifested themselves in memory loss, disturbance of attention, slowing of mental processes according to the MOCA and MMSE scales and Schulte’s table. The main group’s result according to МОСА scale was Me=26,5 points [25; 28], whereas the control group’s result was Me = 27,5 points [26; 29]. Cognitive functions indicators according to МОСА scale were inversely dependant on the indicators of glycated hemoglobin increase. There was defined a significant (Р <0,05) decrease of cerebral substance volume, alba and grey cerebral substances volume, as well as of alba and grey cerebral substances volume in temporal lobe of patients with cognitive impairments with underlying MS as compared to the patients without MS. Patients with MS had a significantly enlarged cerebral ventricular system volume as compared to the patients without MS. Besides, there was observed a decrease in volume of corpus callosum square P < 0,05 in some patients.

Conclusions: There was defined a significant decrease of alba and grey cerebral substances volume, as well as of alba and grey cerebral substances volume in frontal and temporal lobes of patients with cognitive impairments with underlying MS as compared to the patients without MS.