Vol. 11, Special Issue 9 (2022)

Author(s):
Monishdeep V, HW Despande, A Poshadri and Pavan kumar BV

Abstract:
Now a days synthetic colour production is technically advanced and economically efficient but most of the artificially synthesized colours used in foodstuff, dyestuff, cosmetics and pharmaceutical manufacturing processes, causing various hazardous effects like toxic diseases includes cancer and other behavioural disorders in children. And children are more prone to these types of diseases because they are pulled to foods with varied colours, especially sweets like pastries and confectionaries that come in a variety of colours. Thus to counteract the ill effects of the synthetic colorants, there is an increased awareness about eco-friendly and safe colours, there is worldwide interest in process development for the production of pigments and colours from natural sources. Bio-colorants are mostly isolated from different sources such as Plants (Flowers, fruits, seeds, roots etc.), Animals (Cochineal, lac etc.), Microorganisms. Most of the bio colorants are extracted from plants and which as disadvantage of low yield and low eco-efficiency. Thus microbially sourced bio colors are gaining importance to overcome this problems. Few organisms like Bacteria, Fungi, Yeasts and Algae can be used to extract most useful synthesized bicolour. Extraction of colours from natural source is simple and with effective protocols. Especially the bio colors sourced from Fungi provides reliable and scalable technology in extraction. Some microbial sourced pigments include Astaxanthin, Ankaflavin, Anthraquinone, β–carotenes, Canthaxanthin, Lycopene, Melanin, Naphtoquinone, Riboflavin, Rubropunctatin, Torularhodin are discussed here. And reviewed basic information about bio colors along with their nutraceutical values and health benefits and also microorganisms which produces the commercially important and effective colorants.