Vol. 9, Special Issue 8 (2020)

Author(s):
Tony Jose and Alphine Joseph

Abstract:
Zoonotic diseases are infectious diseases which is spread from animals to public and vice versa. The causative organisms ranged from bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites to prions. Even though on one side the development of vaccines to control the spread of diseases of zoonotic importance is happening, the emerging novel pathogens are creating headache to the scientists. There are considerable risks associated with domesticating animals in a zoonotic point of view. Cattle, dogs and cats are the main sources of zoonosis in the household. The causative organism can be transmitted directly from the companion animals or through vectors. Major vectors encountered are ticks, mosquitos and fleas. Close appropriation with animals is a factor that should not be encouraged, especially in children. Lacking of proper awareness, or sometimes ignorance to the zoonotic risk associated with livestock and companion animals leads to dreadful conditions. Not always, but sometimes. This review investigates and discuss on the major zoonotic affections that are spread by the domesticated animals or companion animals and the possible ways to prevent such infections.