Vol. 14, Issue 4 (2025)

Author(s):
Taziyun Imtiyaz and DM Makhdoomi

Abstract:
Results indicated no significant difference in baseline pain scores among groups initially. Maximum pain was observed in all groups at the first postoperative hour. Group C, receiving bupivacaine plus tramadol, exhibited significantly lower pain scores and earlier recovery, reaching near-baseline values by the 6th postoperative hour. Group B dogs showed delayed recovery, with pain scores near baseline at the 8th hour, while Group A exhibited prolonged pain until the 18th hour. No adverse effects were observed in any group. A positive correlation between the two pain scales was recorded. In conclusion, the combination of bupivacaine and tramadol provided superior analgesia, reduced recovery time, and allowed for earlier discharge, making it a cost-effective and patient-friendly method for pain management following ovariohysterectomy in dogs.