Vol. 14, Issue 10 (2025)

Author(s):
Patel Hetvi J, MN Brahmbhatt, JB Nayak and Shubhi Jaiswal

Abstract:
Poultry farming is a major contributor to global food security, rural livelihoods, and economic growth, with India ranking among the world’s top producers of eggs and poultry meat. Chicken meat is valued for its affordability, nutritional quality, and short production cycle, yet its susceptibility to microbial contamination poses significant public health risks. Among foodborne pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is of particular concern due to its ability to cause a broad range of infections and its emerging multidrug-resistant (MDR) and methicillin-resistant (MRSA) strains. This study aimed to genotypically characterize S. aureus isolates from poultry meat using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. Genomic DNA was extracted using the boiling method, and species-specific PCR targeting the sau gene was performed for confirmation. PCR conditions were optimized, with clear amplification of the expected 1318 bp product at an annealing temperature of 58 °C. Of 58 presumptive isolates identified by culture methods, 46 (30.67%) were confirmed as S. aureus. Screening for methicillin resistance genes (mecA and mecC) was conducted under standardized cycling conditions, and amplicons were analyzed via agarose gel electrophoresis. The detection of MDR and MRSA strains highlights the role of poultry as a reservoir for resistant pathogens. Continuous monitoring, improved farm management, biosecurity measures, and hygienic processing are essential to reduce contamination risks. The application of molecular tools such as PCR is critical for effective surveillance, antimicrobial stewardship, and safeguarding both animal and human health.