Vol. 13, Issue 9 (2024)

Author(s):
Jemima Jasmine A, Lali F Anand, Bindya Liz Abraham, Muhasin Asaf VN, Roshin Anie Jose and DK Deepak Mathew

Abstract:
Superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is a candidate gene for oxidative stress response that prevents the formation of reactive oxygen species. Vechur, the dwarf cattle breed that is considered to be one of the prides of Kerala, also known for its striking ability to adapt to stressful conditions, is considered for this study along with the Holstein Friesian (HF) crossbred maintained at Instructional Livestock Farm Complex, Pookode, Kerala. Blood samples were collected, RNA isolated and converted to cDNA and SOD1 mRNA was amplified with specific primer sets. The sequence analysis revealed 99.64% similarity with the Bos taurus sequence (BC102432.1) and 98.7% similarity with another Bos taurus sequence (NM_174615.2) submitted in the GenBank with accession numbers, Crossbred (PP949289) and Vechur (PP949288). The keen perusal of the chromatogram revealed the presence of three mutations in Vechur and HF crossbred cattle. One of the mutations was found in the coding sequence (g.357 T > A) and the other two in the 3'UTR region (g.555 G > T and g.788 G > A). Protein structure prediction revealed that bovine SOD1 protein has 43% beta-sheet and 57% random coils. Phylogenetic analysis based on nucleotide sequences, showed that Vechur and HF crossbred shared the same clade. The phosphorylation site prediction explained that PKC enzymes were higher than other kinases. It is the first report of the sequencing of complete CDS of SOD1 gene of Bos indicus. The findings of the present study revealed that the SOD1 gene is highly conserved across the species so, this gene is of major importance for the survival of cattle.