Vol. 12, Issue 2 (2023)

Author(s):
Humayun Azad, Javeed IA Bhat and SA Shameem

Abstract:
Rapid depletion of agricultural soil quality due to high inputs of fertilizers and pesticides, as well as their long persistence in the soil, has a negative impact on soil microflora, physio-chemical, and biological properties. Reduction in total bacterial and fungal biomass make soil poor, hence prevent plant growth. As a result, rehabilitated attention is required to maintain sustainable approaches in agricultural crop production. Biochar, a nutrient-rich carbon material produced by thermochemical conversion of biomass, is being actively researched around the world to address concerns about soil fertility while also mitigating climate change. The use of biochar enhances soil moisture retention, aggregate stability, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), nutrient retention, microbial growth, and enzymatic activity. Therefore, using biochar made from various types of biomass is a successful strategy for enhancing soil fertility and agricultural yield over the long term.