Vol. 12, Issue 1 (2023)

Author(s):
D Mahato, B Khamari and A Patel

Abstract:
A substantial difficulty has been presented by the recent decade's fast growth of the edible mushroom business worldwide, which has led to a large generation of SMS. Environmental issues including soil contamination, air pollution, and water pollution can result from improper management. With a focus on "circular economy," SMSs have shown tremendous promise in a variety of uses, such as a plant protectant. In this experiment the protective effect of Spent Oyster Mushroom Substrate (SMS) aqueous extracts were examined in vitro for their ability to combat Macrophomina phaseolina causing root rot of sesame. Employing methodological approaches, the physiochemical characteristics and elicitors in the treatments were evaluated which revealed differences in the values of elicitors: carbohydrate polymers (13.54-16.53%), glycoproteins (0.32-0.52%) and lipid molecules (0.31-12.64 g) present between the treatments. The non-autoclaved aqueous extract of SMS recorded better mycelial inhibition of Macrophomina phaseolina at different concentration (1%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) as compared to autoclaved SMS with maximum mycelia inhibition at 20% in poison food technique. In pot culture experiment, spent mushroom substrate to soil suppressed the disease severity to an appreciable limit (64.63%) and promoted plant growth parameters recording plant heights (43.40 cm), number of leaves (11.3), number of flowers (6.3), number of capsules (8.0), weight of capsule (12.55), fresh weight (3.04 g) and dry weight (1.31 g) of plant. These findings suggest that water-soluble and heat-stable compounds in SMS enhance the state of systemic acquired resistance and suppress root rot of sesame and augment plant growth. Thus, the use of SMS for disease control may offer a new technology for the recycling and management of waste from mushroom cultivation.