Vol. 11, Issue 2 (2022)

Author(s):
SR Shri Rangasami, Murugaragavan R, SS Rakesh, PC Prabu, PT Ramesh, Arthee R and R Elangovan

Abstract:
Flooding an air-dry soil initiates a sequence of physical, chemical, and biological processes that have a significant impact on the soil's quality as a growing medium. The physical and chemical qualities of the soil, the duration of floods, the quality of floodwater, the biosphere of soil and floodwater, management techniques, plant development, and climatic circumstances all influence the kind, pattern, and extent of the processes. Carbonate chemistry, which is linked to the vast volumes of carbon dioxide produced by the decomposition of organic matter, has a significant impact on pH and chemical equilibrium of practically all divalent cations. Sulfide precipitation appears to limit nutrient availability only in sulfate-rich soil and after extended submergence. Methane is more likely to develop and reliant on a steady supply of easily decomposable organic substrates, primarily obtained from floodwater photosynthetic biomass and root exudates CO₂:CH₄ inverse ratios are caused by carbonate precipitation rather than CO₂ decrease. In flooded soils, ion concentrations in soil solutions can be considerably oversaturated in comparison to well known solid phases. The availability of nutrients, particularly micronutrients, may be controlled via co-precipitation or adsorption in formed solid phases.