Vol. 5, Issue 9 (2016)

Author(s):
Lesya Skrypko, Victoriia Gryb and Vasil Skrypko

Abstract:
This article represents and analyzes the data from a study of the immune status and the role of immune factors in the progression of polyneuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Certain peculiarities of the disorders of the immune status of the studied patients depending on the severity of disability were revealed: activation of autoimmune processes, increased immunoreactivity, marked reduction of NK-natural killer cells (CD16+), which would cause a decrease in the stability of examined patients to infections. The relationship between electrophysiological markers of the functional state of myelin and some parameters of the immune system are determined. The most sensitive data are tibial nerve characteristics and in most cases – the residual latency period, that is the functional state index of myelin of the most dystal nerves’ segments. It was found that the progression of the polyneuropathy severity is accompanied by the secondary demyelination which is a result of the deepening axonopathy process and immune disorders. Therefore, disorders of immune homeostasis can be considered as one of the pathogenetic links of occurrence and progression of polyneuropathy. Also the complex impact on the course of polyneuropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 medication containing pyrimidine nucleotides (Keltican) was analyzed. This medication applied during one month leads to acceleration of myelination of peripheral nerve fibers and promotes their regeneration.