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Vol. 1, Issue 2 (2012)

The clinical characteristics and risk factors of community-acquired pneumonia in a tertiary care hospital

Author(s):
Dr. Prabhakar Rao and Dr. Meesala Govind Manoj
Abstract:
Introduction and Background: A significant number of deaths and illnesses are caused by community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) on a global scale. Many areas lack adequate documentation of the clinical profile and related variables impacting CAP results. The purpose of this research is to examine CAP patients diagnosed at a tertiary care hospital with regard to their clinical features, risk factors, and results.
Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was performed at a tertiary care facility for a duration of 12 months. This study was conducted at the department of General Medicine, Narayana Medical College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India from February 2011 to January 2012. A total of 150 patients identified with community-acquired pneumonia, according to clinical, radiological, and microbiological criteria, were enrolled. Inclusion criteria encompassed patients aged 18 years and older exhibiting signs of community-acquired pneumonia. Demographic data, clinical presentations, comorbidities, test results, radiographic findings, treatment protocols, and outcomes were gathered. Statistical analysis was conducted utilising SPSS version 22.
Results: The average age of the 150 patients in the research was 55 ± 10 years, and 65% of them were male. Fevers (85%), coughs (78%), and shortness of breath (72% of cases) were the most prevalent initial symptoms. Among the most common co-occurring conditions, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) accounted for 30% and diabetes mellitus for 25%. Bronchopneumonia (40%) and lobar pneumonia (60%) were detected by chest X-ray. Of the pathogens that were most often isolated, 35% were Streptococcus pneumoniae, 20% were Haemophilus influenzae, and 15% were Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
Conclusion: Community-acquired pneumonia is a major source of adult morbidity, especially in those with COPD and diabetes. This study emphasises focused therapeutic approaches, especially in high-risk populations, and the need for immunisation and community management improvements.
Pages: 104-109  |  21 Views  14 Downloads


The Pharma Innovation Journal
How to cite this article:
Dr. Prabhakar Rao, Dr. Meesala Govind Manoj. The clinical characteristics and risk factors of community-acquired pneumonia in a tertiary care hospital. Pharma Innovation 2012;1(2):104-109.

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